What is a Child Arrangements Order (CAO)?
A Child Arrangements Order is a legal ruling by the Family Court in England and Wales that determines where a child lives and how much time they spend with each parent. To apply for this order, you must typically complete a C100 form.
The order replaced the previous 'residence order' and 'contact order' under the Children and Families Act 2014, and is now the standard way for separating parents to formalise arrangements for their children through the court system.
Before You Apply: The MIAM Requirement
In most cases, you must attend a Mediation Information and Assessment Meeting (MIAM) before applying to court. A MIAM is a meeting with a qualified family mediator who will explain how mediation works and whether it might be suitable for resolving your dispute.
You'll need to provide proof of MIAM attendance (a signed FM1 form) with your C100 application. Exemptions apply in cases involving domestic abuse, urgency, child protection concerns, or where the other party is unreasonably refusing to attend.
The C100 Process & FHDRA Preparation
After submitting your C100 form, the first major step is the First Hearing Dispute Resolution Appointment (FHDRA), typically scheduled within 4-6 weeks. At this stage, a judge and a Cafcass officer will review your case to see if an agreement can be reached safely.
Cafcass will conduct safeguarding checks before the hearing and may speak to both parents on the day. The judge will consider whether the case can be resolved at this stage or whether further hearings and reports are needed.
Key Documents for Your Family Court Bundle
To ensure your hearing runs smoothly, your court bundle should be well-organised and comply with Practice Direction 27A. A professional bundle demonstrates respect for the court's time and helps the judge understand your case quickly.
- The completed C100 application and any C1A (safeguarding) form
- MIAM certificate (FM1 form) or evidence of exemption
- Cafcass safeguarding letter and any Section 7 reports
- Witness statements and evidence regarding the child's welfare
- Position statements setting out your proposals for the child
- Any court orders already made in the proceedings


